Last Updated November 15, 2023
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What is a Cohabitation Agreement?
A Cohabitation Agreement is a legally binding contract that outlines the financial and property rights of an unmarried couple living together in a shared residence. It also details each partner's rights in case of a break-up.
In most states, there’s no legal status for cohabitating couples who are not married. Therefore, they can use a Cohabitation Agreement to outline their rights and obligations during and after the relationship.
Legally, cohabitating couples are considered domestic partners in several US states, including California, Maryland, and others.
A Cohabitation Agreement is also called a:
- Cohabitation agreement contract
- Living together agreement
- Common law partnership agreement
- Cohabitation agreement for unmarried partners
How does a Cohabitation Agreement work?
An increasing number of couples are choosing to pursue alternatives to marriage. As a result, Cohabitation Agreements are essential documents that allow couples to legally safeguard their relationship.
Cohabitation Agreements also clearly define the division of shared assets and debts in the case of a break-up. This protects both parties and helps to avoid future court proceedings.
This agreement can be used to detail and define:
- Separate assets: Property or items owned separately by one partner. They retain their respective rights of ownership to these items after a breakup.
- Shared assets: Property or items co-owned by both parties. In the event of a breakup, these assets are divided as outlined in the Cohabitation Agreement.
- Debt obligations: Joint debts, such as co-signed loans or real estate that both parties will be responsible for in case of a breakup.
- Support payments: Financial support that one party might be required to give the other as outlined in the Cohabitation Agreement.
Benefits of a Cohabitation Agreement
Many couples prefer a Cohabitation Agreement because it’s more flexible than a marriage agreement while still providing a degree of legal protection.
Advantages of a Cohabitation Agreement include:
1. Transparency
It's always a good idea to have written documentation regarding shared assets and debts. Despite the trust between partners, drafting a Cohabitation Agreement encourages open and honest communication regarding expectations and responsibilities around property, debt, and belongings. This can be a valuable exercise for partners to undertake together.
2. Legal protection
A Cohabitation Agreement can help prevent costly and complicated court battles by establishing clear guidelines for dividing assets, debts, and property in case of a break-up. Without it, unmarried couples may face uncertainty and disputes over support and property issues. Creating a legally binding agreement is crucial to minimize these conflicts.
What can happen if I don't have a Cohabitation Agreement?
There are significant legal risks if you don’t have a Cohabitation Agreement. Although several states recognize domestic partnerships, there is limited legal protection for unmarried couples who live together.
For example, one partner does not have an automatic claim to any property or assets legally in the other partner’s name, which differs from marriage. So, if your partner owns your house but you help make mortgage payments, you are not entitled to any portion of this property in case of your partner’s death.
Ending a relationship can be an emotional and intense process. With a Cohabitation Agreement, you can rest assured that your assets, debts, and other financial matters will be handled fairly, equally, and efficiently.
What does a Cohabitation Agreement include?
A Cohabitation Agreement usually includes:
- Full names of you and your partner
- Shared address
- Move-in date
- Information about both shared and separate assets and debts
- Delegation of household expenses
- Details of any joint accounts used to pay shared living expenses
- Details regarding shared assets, debts, and dependant children in the event of a breakup
- Restrictions around inheritance
- Any additional clauses
Are Cohabitation Agreements legally binding?
Yes, Cohabitation Agreements are legally binding. Like most contracts, your Cohabitation Agreement will be legally enforceable if it contains the elements of a valid contract and follows the appropriate legal protocol.
Legislation governing Cohabitation Agreements may vary from state to state. For this reason, it is sometimes a good idea to talk to a lawyer and seek independent legal advice before signing your Cohabitation Agreement. This process helps ensure the Agreement is fair and that both partners fully understand what they are signing.
Additionally, couples may want to consider having their Cohabitation Agreement notarized or witnessed by a lawyer or notary public to increase its credibility and validity.