What is a Transfer on Death Deed?
A Transfer on Death Deed, also known as a beneficiary deed or TOD Deed, is a legal document that automatically transfers real estate (i.e., real property) to a beneficiary when a property owner dies.
With a Transfer on Death Deed, you continue to own the property until your death. You retain the power to sell, rent, or refinance the property freely. Following your death, the title automatically transfers to your beneficiary.
A Transfer on Death Deed involves two parties:
- The grantor is the property owner who wishes to transfer the real estate after their death.
- The beneficiary is the party who will inherit the property upon the grantor’s death.
Include this document with your estate plan to expedite property ownership transfers and ensure real estate bypasses the probate process.
Transfer on Death Deed vs. Ladybird Deed
Some states, such as Florida, Michigan, and Vermont, use Ladybird Deeds (also called Enhanced Life Estate Deeds) instead of Transfer on Death Deeds. Both deed types transfer real property from a grantor to a beneficiary outside of probate. However, they have differences.
Ladybird Deeds immediately transfer future ownership to a beneficiary while granting the current owner a "life estate." Life estate is the right to use and control the property for the current owner’s lifetime. This differs from a Transfer on Death Deed, which creates a future transfer.
LawDepot’s Transfer on Death Deed questionnaire will tailor either a Ladybird Deed or a traditional Transfer on Death Deed, depending on your state.
Advantages of a Transfer on Death Deed
Creating a Transfer on Death Deed has several advantages, including the following:
Avoid probate
Probate is the legal process of verifying and validating a deceased person’s estate. During probate, the court reviews the deceased’s estate documents to ensure they’re legally enforceable. While the court reviews these documents, beneficiaries may be unable to access inherited real property or assets.
Unlike probate, a Transfer on Death Deed allows your beneficiary to gain immediate access and ownership of the property upon your death. An automatic ownership transfer provides beneficiaries with security and peace of mind during difficult times.
Maintain privacy
Probate proceedings are public records, meaning anyone can access details about your estate after you’ve passed away. A Transfer on Death Deed offers a significant advantage by maintaining privacy for both you and your beneficiary, as the transfer of ownership isn't recorded in probate records.
Minimize taxes and capital gains
With Transfer on Death Deeds, beneficiaries can experience significant tax savings. First off, a beneficiary typically does not owe federal gift tax on property they’ve inherited through this deed type.
In addition, a beneficiary may experience tax benefits if they ever decide to sell the property they inherit from a Transfer on Death Deed. Capital gain taxes are usually calculated based on the property's value at the time of the decedent's death (as opposed to when the decedent purchased the property). This can lead to significant tax savings.
How to create a Transfer on Death Deed
LawDepot offers a convenient, step-by-step questionnaire that customizes a Transfer on Death Deed to add to your estate plan. We collect the following information for your contract:
1. Property details
Identify the type of property you want to transfer. This may be residential, commercial, or undeveloped land. Include the property location and the legal land description. The legal land description must be included in the document to make it enforceable.
2. Grantor details
The grantor is the person who owns the property. Include their name, address, and marital status. A Transfer on Death Deed can only have one grantor.
3. Grantee details
The grantee is the beneficiary, or the party to whom the property will transfer upon the grantor’s death. Indicate whether the grantee is an individual, trust, or corporation, and specify who should receive future tax statements.
Transfer on Death Deed FAQs