What is a Power of Attorney for Child?
A Power of Attorney (POA) for Child allows parents or guardians to temporarily grant another adult the right to make parental decisions for their child if they are unavailable.
Having a Power of Attorney for your child is a useful way to help you protect your children and ensure they always have the best care, even when you’re not around.
While you are available for your child, you are still the primary decision-maker. Therefore, by appointing another person as your child’s temporary caregiver, you don’t lose your parental powers.
Depending on your state’s naming practices, the temporary caregiver is known as the attorney-in-fact or agent.
A Power of Attorney for Child is also known as a:
- Power of Attorney for minor child
- Medical Power of Attorney for child
- Power of Attorney to delegate parental power
- Authorization agreement for nonparent caregiver
What powers can I grant in a Power of Attorney for Child?
When you create a Power of Attorney for your child, you have the option of granting someone general or specific authority over your child’s care.
General authority
Assigning another adult general authority authorizes them to make almost all the decisions regarding your child’s care and physical custody that you would be able to make if you were personally present. However, you can grant someone general authority and still outline certain restrictions.
Specific authority
If you don’t want to give the appointed caregiver such extensive control, you can grant them specific authority over your child’s care. When you assign someone specific authority, you specify the areas of your child’s care that you authorize them to control, such as their health and medical treatments.
Powers you can grant
Depending on whether you grant your child’s temporary caregiver general or specific authority, they can make all or some of the decisions regarding the care, physical custody, and control of your child. When creating a Power of Attorney for your child, you have the option of giving their caregiver the following powers:
- Health care powers: With these powers, the caregiver can obtain medical, dental, and other health treatments for your child and make healthcare decisions on your behalf.
- Education and school-related powers: The caregiver can enroll your child in school and daycare with these powers. Also, they can access school and academic records and make decisions regarding your child's education.
- Maintenance and care powers: With these powers, the caregiver can control your child’s general care and travel with them. If they travel outside of the United States, additional documents may be required.
Powers you cannot grant
There are exceptions to what an appointed caregiver can do while they have the authority to care for your child. When you create a Power of Attorney for your child, regardless of granting their caregiver general or specific authority, they never have the power to:
- Consent to the marriage or adoption of the child
- Perform or induce an abortion on or for the child
- Terminate your parental rights
When should I make a Power of Attorney for Child?
Generally, if your child will be in the care of someone who isn’t their legal guardian for more than several days, you should create a Power of Attorney for them to ensure their continued health and safety.
There are many instances where you may be separated from your child for extended periods, including:
- Taking a vacation without your children
- Sending your child to live or travel with a relative
- Traveling for work
- Temporarily relocating to another city without your children
- Staying in a hospital or medical facility due to physical or mental health issues
- Deploying for military duty to another country or city
- Serving a prison sentence or being incarcerated
Not all situations require a Power of Attorney for your child. You may not need one if you’re only going to be separated from your child for a short time. Also, if you’re going to be physically close to your child (e.g., within the same state) and would be able to travel without delay to act as their guardian, you may not need a Power of Attorney.
If you only want to give someone the authority to make medical decisions for your child, you may only need a Child Medical Consent form.
A Power of Attorney for Child may allow your child’s appointed caregiver to travel within the United States with your child. However, it’s best to create a Child Travel Consent form whenever your minor child is traveling domestically or internationally by themselves, with one legal guardian, or with a temporary chaperone.